interventions. Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia (Cochrane Review). Nove nveis The largest effect sizes were found for changes in visual memory (d = .81), theory of mind (d = .83), and functional disability (d = 1.02), proving the existence of transfer effects to nontrained domains in this pathology. Influence of anosognosia on treatment outcome among dementia More recently, functional connectivity abnormalities have also been described in this pathology that affect not only the default mode network but also other resting-state networks such as salience, executive, working memory, sensorimotor, and visual networks [45]. PubMed In this case, as the control group was not assessed at follow-up, no intergroup comparison was possible. The methodology of the Cochrane Center of Brazil considers eight levels of evidence: Psychosocial interventions address . benefits in rehabilitating patients when associated with other forms of The movement disorder society evidence-based medicine review update: treatments for the non-motor symptoms of Parkinsons disease. Integrative group-based cognitive rehabilitation efficacy in multiple sclerosis: a randomized clinical trial. Neuropsychological rehabilitation is a process of increasing the ability to solve problems, remain organised and focused, selectively remember relevant events, and engage in independent strategic behaviour while participating in tasks valued by the culture and . On the one hand, each sample's idiosyncrasy (neurodevelopmental vs. neurodegenerative diseases, characteristic age of each pathology, characteristic impairment of each sample, etc.) 5.0.1. In addition, no articles for the Research in Animals level However, in this specific case, and given that all the active control patients carried out the activities in a group format, group effects that could potentially be affecting the outcomes were controlled. Alzheimer's disease: a pilot study, Effects of four years of exercise, language, and social Quayhagen MP, Quayhagen M, Corbeil RR, et al. Corbeil RR, Quayhagen MP, Quayhagen M. Interventions effects on dementia caregiving interaction: a dementia: Experimental and clinical evidence. Can levodopa prevent cognitive decline in patients with Parkinsons disease? disease. Validity assessment in clinical neuropsychological practice: evaluating and managing noncredible performance. interventions on cognitive function and quality of life for Alzheimer's Related Links. Os resultados mostram uma crescente incidncia de quando em associao com outras intervenes pode However, neuropsychological rehabilitation has been proposed as a broader concept than those previously mentioned as it addresses not only cognitive impairments but also those emotional, psychosocial, and behavioral deficits caused by any brain damage in a more or less structured way [3]. Rilo O., Pea J., Ojeda N., et al. Resting-state functional reorganization in Parkinsons disease: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. REHACOP's specific aims are based on the effective principles of neuropsychological rehabilitation enunciated by Zangwill [6], previously mentioned (Figure 2, [13]). were found (N=0). Amatya B., Khan F., Ng L., Galea M., Cochrane Multiple Sclerosis and Rare Diseases of the CNS Group Rehabilitation for people with multiple sclerosis: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews. Spector A, Thorgrimsen L, Woods B, et al. The majority of researchers suggested that cognitive rehabilitation can better All issues Special issues . Rosenthal, M., Griffith, E. R., Kreutzer, J. S., & Pentland, B. Savla G. N., Vella L., Armstrong C. C., Penn D. L., Twamley E. W. Deficits in domains of social cognition in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of the empirical evidence. Farina E, Fioravanti R, Chiavari L, et al. In terms of levels of evidence, of the 37 studies found, a mean of approximately 4.12 Be". Zangwill O. L. Psychological aspects of rehabilitation in cases of brain injury. Static and dynamic cognitive deficits in childhood preceding adult schizophrenia: a 30-year study. To date, the effects of cognitive rehabilitation on the brains of patients with schizophrenia have been described regarding both functional and anatomical characteristics. It was also in that decade when Oliver Zangwill outlined the three principles of cognitive rehabilitation (compensation, substitution, and direct training; [6]) which eventually turned out to be the basis for almost all currently existing cognitive rehabilitation programs. Knapp M, Thorgrimsen L, Patel A, et al. Studies published during this period included: The program was originally developed to provide the first available standardized intervention in neuropsychological rehabilitation for Spanish patients with schizophrenia. centered around the mean (Pagano and Gauvreau, 2004). publicaes mais recentes. literature, namely, the Systematic Review study, where this accounted for 2.7% of The results demonstrated that the only article with a high level of evidence Onder G, Zanetti O, Giacobini E, et al. Cicerone, K. D., Dahlberg, C., Kalmar, K., et al. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1096, Reference Module Humanities and Social Sciences. The authors would like to thank all the participants and all the associations that took part in the studies. year over the period spanning 1985 to 2008. Seppi K., Weintraub D., Coelho M., et al. The parent study was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) entitled "Neuropsychological Benefits of Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation Training in Ugandan Children Surviving Severe Malaria: A Randomized Controlled Trial" (Boivin et al., 2018). Os maiores nveis de evidncia foram observados nas concluded that results remain limited and that further studies on the topic are In decreasing order of scientific relevance, nine Randomized Clinical Trials were official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Structural abnormalities have also been described regarding both intra- and interhemispheric brain white matter fibers [54]. However, it was later adapted to other clinical populations including neurological conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson's disease (PD) [1417]. elderly. of cognitive stimulation therapy on the progression of mild Alzheimer's reabilitao cognitiva na doena de Alzheimer segundo ano Benefits of cognitive-motor intervention in MCI and mild to moderate . systematic reviews on the effects of health interventions. Working memory training in patients with multiple sclerosiscomparison of two different training schedules. What separates neuropsychology from rehabilitation psychology is a matter for debate. mild Alzheimer's disease. Natalia Ojeda and Javier Pea are coauthors and copyright holders of the REHACOP neuropsychological rehabilitation program, published by Parima Digital, SL (Bilbao, Spain). This review also described improvements in attention and immediate and delayed verbal memory, with low-medium effect sizes when combining neuropsychological rehabilitation with other interventions [60]. Zanetti O, Zanieri G, Giovanni GD, et al. vila R, Miotto E. Reabilitao neuropsicolgica de Galvo CM, Sawada NO, Rossi LA. were considered for analysis and a total of 37 articles were found. Kapur S., Remington G. Atypical antipsychotics: new directions and new challenges in the treatment of schizophrenia. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Although not significant, performance in attention and verbal fluency showed the same pattern of improvement in the REHACOP group at posttreatment [14]. Due to the lack of a social cognition module at the time that the two other schizophrenia studies were performed [22, 23], these did not include social cognition training, whereas the rest of the timetable remained the same. themes, determining the best levels of evidence. Nevertheless, some of those and other terms are usually indistinctly used in the literature, along with other concepts such as cognitive remediation. These studies have reinforced the efficacy of the REHACOP program, not only in the short term but also in the long term at 18-month follow-up, supporting the idea that REHACOP's benefits can be maintained even after the end of the program. Level 5, Case series studies; Level 6, Case studies; Level 7, Research in animals management of mild to moderate dementia, Intervention effects on dementia caregiving Sustained attention in a counting task: normal performance and functional neuroanatomy. Pan P. L., Song W., Shang H. F. Voxel-wise meta-analysis of gray matter abnormalities in idiopathic Parkinsons disease. Cognitive Intervention in Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Results regarding cognitive changes after the implementation of REHACOP in MS patients are in line with this data, but have described medium-to-large effect sizes for all the improvements in cognition [14]. reabilitao. mdia inferior a trs artigos por ano no perodo estudado The data found revealed that a mean of approximately 2.64 articles were published per This study examined the impact of a cognitive intervention on the cognitive performance of child . Reality orientation therapy combined with cholinesterase Sohlberg, M. M., & Mateer, C. A. Yoga is a holistic practice that - when incorporated effectively into neurorehabilitation - has potential to meet the complex needs of persons with acquired brain injury (ABI). Department of Methods and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, Avenida de las Universidades, 24, 48007 Bilbao, Biscay, Spain. Cognitive rehabilitation combined with drug treatment in multidisciplinar. publication and levels of evidence on the theme of cognitive rehabilitation in Zanetti O, Binetti G, Magni E, Rozzini L, Bianchetti A, Trabucchi M. Procedural memory stimulation in Alzheimer's disease: impact of a the same specific period and that the present study found no reason for the high When looking at the relationship between social cognition and functionality, the association between theory of mind and community functioning seems to be the most important, followed by the association between emotion processing and social behavior in the milieu [33]. Christodoulou C., Melville P., Scherl W. F., MacAllister W. S., Elkins L. E., Krupp L. B. Cognitive rehabilitation: An integrative neuropsychological approach. Neuropsychological evaluation can be useful in . the preceding nineteenth century during which, articles presented greater time In the therapist's manual, the professional can find explanatory pages that include the name of the task, information about the cognitive domain and subdomain that the training is focused on, the level of difficulty, the specific instructions for the therapist, the specific instructions to be given to the patient, the necessary materials for each task to be performed, and also an answer sheet with the correct answers to all the tasks [13]. mild to moderate dementia. articles was observed in 2002 (19%) followed by 2001 (n=6 or 16%), 2004 and 2008, Future studies should address this hypothesis in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, in order to investigate the specific mechanism involved in neuropsychological rehabilitation efficacy. As the program allows both individual and group intervention, the therapist can recreate or simulate close to real scenarios to train the patient and facilitate later generalization. disease in patients treated with donepezil. With an integrated bottom-up and top-down approach, REHACOP includes neurocognition, social cognition, and daily living tasks hierarchically organized on an increasing level of difficulty. Benefits of Neuropsychological Assessment . scientific methodologies are needed based on the investigations currently available The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities outlines the right of people with disability to be able to attain and maintain maximum independence, with the assistance of comprehensive rehabilitation services (Article 26(1)) []. Third, although the REHACOP has been already translated into Portuguese, and it is currently being translated into English, Polish, and Greek, no studies have been carried out in order to assess its efficacy in other countries or languages. Studies included in this review were supported by the Department of Health of the Basque Government (grant number 2011111102 to Dr. Natalia Ojeda and grant number 2011111117 to Dr. Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant number PSI2012-32441 to Dr. Naroa Ibarretxe-Bilbao), and the Education Department of the Basque Government (Equipo A) (grant number IT946-16 and grant number BFI-2010-407). Regarding social cognition improvements, both meta-analyses described very similar medium to high effect sizes in overall social cognition changes after intervention. clinical decisions on the most efficacious treatment intervention (Galvo CM, training programme. In a bid to find elements which can contribute to the implementation of public interventions on cognitive function and quality of life for Pages: 1174-1175. held on the LILACS and Medline scientific databases. Effectiveness of procedural memory stimulation in mild Vogt A., Kappos L., Calabrese P., et al. Patients with schizophrenia receiving REHACOP intervention have shown neurocognitive improvement in processing speed, verbal memory, verbal fluency, working memory, and executive functions [22, 23], as well as in global neurocognition scores [21]. rehabilitation. 2013; 43 (3):267-277. doi: 10.1177/0081246313494156. Another study has also showed brain changes after cognitive intervention implementation in PD [69]. Immediate Neuropsychological and Behavioral Benefits of Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation in Ugandan Pediatric Cerebral Malaria Survivors Paul Bangirana 2009, Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics Messinis L., Papathanasopoulos P., Kosmidis M. H., Nasios G., Kambanaros M. Neuropsychological features of multiple sclerosis: impact and rehabilitation. However, cognitive deficits are present to a different extent depending on the domain. behaviour in dementia: experimental and clinical evidence, Neuropsychological rehabilitaion of memory's Cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation are specific forms of non-pharmacological . execution of each step in assisting to care for AD patients implies evidence-based sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal literature. Number of publications including cognitive rehabilitation terms in PubMed. Comments on "Cognitive Rehabilitation: How it is and How it Might Regional DTI differences in multiple sclerosis patients. perioperatria. However, it was not until the 1970s and 1980s that the field of neuropsychological rehabilitation became a defined intervention. Sawada NO, Rossi LA., 2002). output addressing the care and assistance of patients with Alzheimers disease as number of publications in 2002. qualified and scientifically-based care and intervention. and Cognitive Training for early-stage Alzheimers disease and vascular Gray matter decreases have been described in these patients, mainly in the frontal and temporal areas [53]. de publicao e rigor metodolgico. In: Halligan P. W., Wade D. T., editors. ), Clinical neuropsychology: A practical guide to assessment and management for clinicians (pp. reduced or withdrawn altogether (Engelhardt et al., 2005). For instance, cognitive rehabilitation is usually broadly defined as a process whereby a brain-injured patient works together with professionals to remediate or alleviate cognitive deficits [3]. In light of this, the initial focus of cognitive rehabilitation in its earliest years was traumatic brain injury patients with focal damages. The first step of this study was to Therefore, those specific domains could have greater room for improvement than the others, consequently showing greater changes at the end of the intervention. A. These changes were not restricted to specific neurocognitive domains since participants attending the REHACOP program also showed changes in social cognition and daily functioning variables by means of both direct and transfer effects. In addition, transfer effects could be taking place in those pathologies in which social functioning is more affected by cognitive functioning than by clinical or physical condition, which is usually controlled by pharmacological treatment. Rehabilitation of sensory and cognitive function typically involves methods for retraining neural pathways or training new neural pathways to regain or improve neurocognitive functioning that have been diminished by disease or trauma. A prtica baseada em evidncias: the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. In fact, when reviewing the neuropsychological rehabilitation literature, some of these features have shown to be especially important for the effective design and implementation of different intervention programs [18, 56]. Specifically, patients receiving a 3-month REHACOP group intervention (21 patients) showed improvements in processing speed, working memory, verbal memory, and executive functions when compared with a passive control group (21 patients), which received no neuropsychological intervention [14]. For schizophrenia [21], MS [14], and PD [1517] studies that used REHACOP described in the present review, the intervention lasted for 13 weeks and consisted of three group sessions per week. Novas perspectivas no tratamento da doena de Disclosure: The authors report no conflicts of interest. FAPESP Grantholder. Received 2009 Jul 1; Accepted 2009 Aug 17. Impact on employment and social functioning. Cognitive training in MS: effects and relation to brain atrophy. Neurofunctional correlates of attention rehabilitation in Parkinsons disease: an explorative study. Therefore, further methodologically rigorous studies are still needed in order to increase the amount of evidence on the efficacy of the neuropsychological rehabilitation in this pathology. Cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients with very mild clinical disability. Collaboration, an international network which develops and disseminates Engelhardt E, Brucki SM, Cavalcanti JL, Forlenza OV, Laks J, Vale FA. One of the aspects highlighted by reviews of neuropsychological rehabilitation and MS is the need to test the efficacy of the interventions, not only in generating cognitive changes but also on promoting brain changes [60, 61]. This overall structure facilitates adherence to the underlying principles, which is in the best interest of efficacy and scientific replication. Effect sizes for changes in cognition in this sample were medium-large, and the greatest changes were found in processing speed and working memory (p2 = .16 and p2 = .15, respectively) [14]. Specifically, functional outcome changes were mediated by processing speed and verbal memory improvements, but not by improvements in social cognition and negative symptoms [35]. To our knowledge, only one study besides the REHACOP study has assessed the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation in a group format in MS patients [63]. On the other hand, differences in the implementation of REHACOP depending on the sample (the extended duration of sessions for patients with schizophrenia, the different modules implemented in each study, or the adaptations made for PD patients) limit the comparability of studies and findings. Departamento de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Envelhecimento da Subsequently, studies The group and paper-and-pencil format of the program could be a secondary contributing factor to the efficacy of REHACOP. and the disease has been identified as a looming public health issue. Given that no studies on brain changes after REHACOP's implementation have been performed in schizophrenia, it is not possible to describe those in the context of the available literature. Reabilitao das deficincias In fact, studies performed using REHACOP have shown brain reorganization at least in PD patients, as described by brain changes occurring after the intervention implementation. Gil P, Ayuso JLD, Marey JM, Antn M, Quilo CG. In addition, some of the cognitive rehabilitation studies in MS do not use an integrative approach and intervene only on one or two specific cognitive domains [64, 65], preventing the transfer effects and significant improvements in the rest of the domains. Cambridge University Press. Besides cognition and functionality, the effects of REHACOP on brain connectivity have been studied and described in PD patients [16, 17]. Articles published, by level of evidence. ability to learn new concepts and knowledge (Brandt and Rich, 1995). As in the case of cognitive changes at follow-up, the control group did not undergo the neuroimaging study after 18 months making the comparisons between groups impossible. concluded that results of studies remain limited and that further investigation on Some of the conditions that may benefit from neurological rehab may include: Vascular disorders, such as ischemic strokes (caused by blood clots), hemorrhagic strokes (caused by bleeding in the brain), subdural hematoma, and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) Infections, such as meningitis, encephalitis, polio, and brain abscesses Clare L., Woods B. The highest effect sizes for changes in cognition were found in processing speed in MS, in visual memory in PD, and in verbal memory in schizophrenia, which might be due to the fact that these are some of the most impaired cognitive domains in each condition [25, 36, 46]. Adcock R. A., Dale C., Fisher M., et al. The principles of the systematic review of the Cochrane Center of Brazil were used, cholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease: randomized Department of Rehab Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 5 East 98th Street, 10029, New York, NY, USA, You can also search for this author in Some of the mechanisms involved in both processes have essential implications for rehabilitation, such as diaschisis, functional reorganization, or modification of synaptic connectivity among others [56]. When assessing REHACOP's efficacy in PD after a longer period of time (18 months; 15 patients included in the experimental group), improvements were found in verbal memory, visual memory, executive functions, theory of mind, and functional disability when comparing baseline and follow-up [17]. Relationship between number and year of studies found based on the search Prigatano, G. P. (1999). Philadelphia: Davis. The recommended time for the implementation of REHACOP in terms of time and frequency is five months, three sessions per week, and (at least) 30-minute sessions for individual interventions and (at least) 90-minute sessions for group interventions, in groups of between 6 and 8 patients with one therapist [13]. This implementation included slight modifications to how neuropsychological rehabilitation was conceptualized and what its aims were, given the course of neurodegenerative diseases. Variability in the diagnosis and management of patients with Backman L, Josephsson S, Herlitz A, Stigsdotter A. Alzheimer's disease patients: a controlled study, Memory training improves cognitive ability in patients Rehabilitation of the adult and child with traumatic brain injury (3rd ed.). Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. ); and (5) week 13social cognition training. These results emphasize the efficacy of the intervention not only in the short term but also maintained over time, although the lack of assessment of the active control group at follow-up limits this conclusion in relation to REHACOP. PMC2747354 DOI: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181b0f01b Abstract Objective: We now present the first study in sub-Saharan Africa to investigate the feasibility and potential benefits of computerized cognitive rehabilitation training on neuropsychological and behavioral functioning of children surviving cerebral malaria. government site. Deficits have also been described in relation to social cognition, as MS patients have been shown to have difficulty in performing tasks involving theory of mind or emotion processing [39]. the Cochrane Center of Brazil located in the city of So Paulo. design employed, i.e. These alterations are related to the cognitive function of these patients and have also shown to be sensitive to change after cognitive rehabilitation [45]. Snchez P., Pea J., Bengoetxea E., et al. Second, effects of medication on observed improvements should be further assessed, since it has been stated that medications can affect cognition in these pathologies [7276]. Objective: To critically review contemporary theoretical models, diagnostic approaches, clinical features, and assessment findings in Functional Cognitive Disorder (FCD), and make recommendations for neuropsychological evaluation of this condition.Method: Narrative review.Results: FCD is common in neuropsychological practice. The latest studies demonstrating greater scientific evidence ); (4) weeks 11 to 12executive function training (planning, analogies, etc. Wilson B. In decreasing order of methodological merit, after the Systematic Review studies, the Clare L, Wilson BA, Carter G, Roth I, Hodges JR. Relearning face-name associations in early Alzheimer's methodology. Reviews conducted by this Center were identified together with those Method: Hildebrandt H., Lanz M., Hahn H. K., et al. target theme, the full Systematic Review entitled Cognitive Rehabilitation In addition to core symptoms of ASD, this heterogenous population presents with a wide range of abilities. of the methodological approach applied in the study (Humpris therapeutic environment, family learning groups, schemes to instruct patients and Nuechterlein K. H., Ventura J., Subotnik K. L., Hayata J. N., Medalia A., Bell M. D. Developing a cognitive training strategy for first-episode schizophrenia: integrating bottom-up and top-down approaches. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, investigated cognitive, physical, and psychological national and international scientific articles available in the health area, and for The results showed an increase in scientific output from the beginning of the https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1096, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_1096, eBook Packages: Behavioral ScienceReference Module Humanities and Social Sciences.
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